As conseqüências das deficiências nutricionais, associadas à imunossenescência, na saúde do idoso
Conteúdo do artigo principal
Resumo
Atualmente tem-se registrado um aumento médio da expectativa de vida em diversos países, fazendo com que a prevalência de indivíduos idosos em relação aos indivíduos jovens, torne-se um quadro comum na população mundial. Entretanto, a longevidade está longe de significar um envelhecimento saudável. Das diversas funções do organismo afetadas pelo complexo processo do envelhecimento, o sistema imune em particular, sofre várias mudanças coletivamente chamadas de imunossenescência. Já as outras alterações observadas no idoso, em parte são condicionadas pelos processos inerentes ao envelhecimento, e outras influenciadas por fatores socioeconômicos, que levam a inúmeros distúrbios nutricionais. Desta forma, o presente trabalho, teve como objetivo apresentar as principais causas da má nutrição nos idosos, sintetizar os principais efeitos da idade na imunidade e, sobretudo, chamar a atenção para o fato de que a associação entre imunossenescência e as carências nutricionais, agrava ainda mais a saúde do idoso, tornando-o mais susceptível a doenças infecciosas. Para isso foram identificados e analisados 78 trabalhos publicados sobre o assunto entre os anos de 1969 e 2008, tendo como fontes principais para a pesquisa os bancos de dados LILACS -BIREME, MEDLINE - Index Medicus, SciELO e PubMed. Diversos estudos têm demonstrado que na medida em que intervenções nutricionais específicas são introduzidas na população de idosos, os efeitos deletérios da imunossenescência podem ser minimizados.
Detalhes do artigo
Referências
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