Indicative of depressive symptoms among older people: a longitudinal study
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Abstract
Introduction: Depressive symptoms can affect the quality of life of older people. Therefore, changes in this condition must be monitored. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of changes in the indicative of depressive symptoms among older people and their associated factors. Methods: Longitudinal study was carried out for two years with 387 older people from a municipality in Triângulo Mineiro, Brazil. Data were collected at home using Mini-Mental State Examination; a structured questionnaire prepared by the Collective Health Research Group; Lawton and Brody scale; and a short Geriatric Depression Scale. Descriptive analysis and multinomial logistic regression were performed (p<0.05). Results: After the two-year follow-up, there was a decrease in the prevalence of older people with indicative depressive symptoms (24.3%). In addition, 20.2% of the older people have no indication of depressive symptoms; 63.0% maintained their initial condition and 16.8% were new cases. Positive self-rated health (p=0.003), functional independence for instrumental activities of daily living (p=0.025), and the lower number of morbidities (p=0.002) were predictors of improvement in indicative of depressive symptoms; while the increase in the number of morbidities (p=0.002) was a predictor for the presence of this condition. Conclusion: The occurrence of indicative depressive symptoms among older people decreased during the follow-up and the improvement of this condition was associated with positive self-rated health, functional independence for instrumental activities of daily living, and with a lower number of morbidities. Such factors should be considered when planning health actions aimed at preventing depressive symptoms in older people.
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