Nutrition impact symptoms, sarcopenia, and malnutrition in hospitalized patients
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Abstract
Introduction: Nutrition Impact Symptoms (NIS) are common in hospitalized patients and can be aggravated in the presence of malnutrition. Objective: To verify the presence of NIS and its association with sociodemographic and clinical variables, sarcopenia phenotype, and nutritional status of individuals hospitalized. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with hospitalized patients, of both sexes and ≥50 years old. Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), handgrip strength (HGS), gait speed GS), and anthropometric measurements were performed up to 48 hours after admission. NIS was obtained through PG-SGA and stratified into two groups: <3 and ≥3 symptoms. The chi-square test (χ2) was performed, and a 5% significance level was adopted. Results: A total of 90 patients (65.4±9.67 years) were studied, with the majority of men (56.7%), older people (70.0%), married (68.9%), low economic class (72.2%), without work activity (70.5%), with two previous diseases (60.0%), overweight by body mass index (46.7%) and adequate adductor pollicis muscle thickness (83.3%). The most prevalent NIS were "dry mouth", “anorexia”, and "smells sick" respectively 31.1%, 30.0%, and 16.7%. There was an association between NIS and SARC-F score (p=0.002), handgrip strength (p=0.016), the status of sarcopenia (p=0.020), PG-SGA (p<0.001), and economic status (p=0.020). Conclusion: The identification of NIS is common, and may infer negative nutritional status and functional performance of patients. The use of protocols to identify NIS during hospitalization should be considered to minimize the negative impact on nutritional status.
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